Hastings borough councils glossary of architectural terms. Glossary of window terms from the first nation wide vinyl replacement window distributor for milgard, andersen, superior, international, velux, atrium and anderson windows on. The word art is therefore both a verb and a noun, as is the term classical architecture. Akroterion a decorative piece added to the roof of a temple at the apex and corners, usually made of clay or bronze and often in the form of a palm or statue, for example of nike. A square pillar or the part of a wall that sits between doors or windows. A small structure that projects from a sloping roof, with a window in the facade face. From construction terms to office tools to lofty lingo like spatiality, its easy to feel left in the dark if you lack an architecture degree. Glossary of architectural terms adrian architecture. The part of the composition of the classical orders where an upright member meets a horizontal. Illustrated glossary of classical architecture agrell architectural carving. Work of art aesthetic physical item or artistic creation. This page is not exhaustive, and will be developed as the need arises. It should be used with reference to other historic resources branch.
A concise dictionary of architectural terms dover architecture john henry parker on. Home architecture illustrated glossary of classical architecture. Start a free trial of quizlet plus by thanksgiving lock in 50% off all year try it free. A license granted by a government agency to construct a specific project on a specific site, under the terms of the. The adamesque style is based on the work of the english architect robert adam 17281792 and his brothers. A window with top and bottom sashes that slide past each other vertically. Neoclassical architecture in the style modeled after the italian. An architectural term denoting an upper level of a romanesque or gothic church, the walls of which rise above the rooflines of the lower aisles and are pierced with windows.
The three most common gothic arches are the equilateral, lancet and tudor. Classicalglossary term architecture has always accommodated ornamental sculpture, whether as grand figure groups in pediments, statues on parapets or pedestals, or relief panels of various kinds. New classical architecture architectural movement to revive, and embrace classical architecture as a legitimate form of architecture for the 20th and 21st centuries. The main lintel or beam spanning from column to column. Dictionary of architecture and landscape architecture. Refers to british classical architecture that draws from ancient greek rather than roman architecture. Q quadriporticus also known as a quadriportico a foursided portico. Glossary of architectural terms key terms used in listed building records. Classical and colonial revival a pattern book for neighborly houses architectural patterns d colonial revival houses reflect the renewed national interest in classicism which occurred in the late 19th century. Abacus the uppermost member of a capital of a column, often a plain, square slab. Pycnostyle term given by vitruvius to the intercolumniation between the columns of a temple, when this was equal to one and a half diameters. Glossary of architectural terms below you find a list of common architectural terms, sorted alphabetically.
The five orders in classical greek and roman architecture are. Illustrated glossary of classical architecture new york spaces. Their architectural designs used the language of classical greece and rome as interpreted by palladio, but with a twist. This page discusses basic microsoft windows concepts and terminology. Architectural terrace doors are not tested for limited water and meet the requirements of aama 910. It discusses how to perform some basic windows tasks. There are entries on architects, terms, periods, and styles, covering all periods of western architectural history. A visual glossary of classical architecture ancient. An introduction to its vocabulary and essentials, with a select glossary of terms 2 edition by curl, james stevens 2003 on. Glossary of window terms from the first nation wide vinyl replacement window distributor for milgard, andersen, superior, international, velux, atrium and anderson windows on the internet with realtime quotes. A window in its most primitive form was an unglazed hole. Glossary of architectural terms over the course of centuries, architects and builders have developed specialized terms to describe their buildings.
A means of joining individual pieces of wood together to form longer lengths. Abrams, 2002 abacus at the top of a capital, a thick rectangular slab of stone that serves as the flat, broad surface on which. Industry test that measures the amount of air leakage through a window or door the lower the number the better. Classical or neoclassical buildings have a regular, formal appearance and symmetrical facades and might also incorporate classical details such as an entablature at the wall top or pilasters dividing bays. Tuscan colums are unfluted with a simple base and unadorned capital and entablature. Glossary of architectural terms trust for architectural. If you have a word to contribute to our glossary, please email us. List of classical architecture terms free definitions by.
Architectural surround, consisting usually of two columns or pilasters supporting a pediment. When talking to an architect or builder, it can be helpful to know basic terminology and architectural vocabulary you may encounter. When commencing study of the classical elements, it is logical to begin with moldings. An individual, partnership, corporation or other legal entity licensed to practice the profession of architecture under the education law of the state of new york.
Glossary of fenestration terms southeastern door and window. Pediment classical form of corniced gable or gablet used at openings as well as a termination to roof structures. Architecture illustrated glossary of classical architecture illustrations from the american vignola by robert w. Identifying features include columns that are stouter than the other orders, often 6 to 7 times as tall as the diameter at the base. The doric order, the earliest type of classical greek architecture, has a simple yet powerful capital design. This is a list of terms used in classical architecture. A visual glossary of classical architecture ancient history.
The following definitions are extracted from aamawdmacsa 101i. Classical buildings tend also to be symmetrical, both. One of the three orders or organisational systems of ancient greek or classical architecture which stood on the flat pavement of a temple without a base, their vertical shafts fluted with pararell concave grooves topped by a smooth capital that flared from the column to meet a square abacus at the intersection with the horizontal beam that they carried. The ends of the pieces are machined to form a set of interlocking fingers, which are then coated with adhesive and meshed together under pressure. Added to the classical orders by renaissance architectural scholars who felt that the tuscan order predates the greek doric and ionic.
Glossary of house building terms the plan collection. An architectural term referring to the arrangement of windows in a wall. An english version of the late gothic architectural style used from the 20s into the early 1500s. A profusely illustrated manual that is valuable as a reference or as a portable guide on. The tuscan order was developed in rome and does not appear in ancient greece. It is characterized by windows with pointed top arches at windows and doors, a steep gable roof, and projecting dormer windows. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Lures also include a cash rebate worth up to 27% of qualifying expenditures. John henry parkers remarkably timeless dictionary of architecture, first published in 1846, became such a success that he continued to revise it for several years. A glossary of common architectural features and terms curbed ny. Aeg turbine factory iconic example of early modernist. A characteristic particularly of classical architecture by which the two sides of a facade or architectural floor plan of a building present mirror images of one another. A house with a center door and a window on either side has 3 bays. The greek orders are doric, distinguished by a capital consisting of a plain curved molding, triglyph in the frieze, and the absence of a base.
Architectural dictionary of terms, movements and architects. Glossary of architectural terms historic environment scotland. The lowest division of the entablature in classical architecture. Study 236 architecture glossary flashcards from cindy h. Now it has been fully revised, and expanded, bringing it completely uptodate. An architectural style developed by american architect h. Adjustable accessible without major reconstruction of the window, door, tdd, ssp, roof window, or unit skylight to bring the parts of the product to a true or more effective relative position. Glossary of architectural terms oregon history project. A term used for the architecture of ancient greece and rome, revived at the renaissance and subsequently imitated around the western world. Beginning first with postmodern architecture s criticism of modernist architectural movements like international style, new classical architecture seeks to be an alternative. A lateral extension of the architrave moldings at the top of a door or window. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms.
Large vertical planks or studs that are rough sawn or planed are placed next to each other on a sill at the bottom and either extends to a plate at the top or continues to the roof. Their architectural designs used the language of classical greece and rome as. It was the result of the revival of classic architecture known as renaissance, but. The window glossary the following definitions are extracted from aamawdmacsa 101i. Abacus a large slab placed above the column capital to support the architrave or an arch placed above it.
Closely associated with the classical revival, they rarely appeared on buildings in adrian before the 1893 columbian exposition. To this end, weve compiled a list of important architectural terms some you may have heard and others you probably havent. For example, most of the styles originating in postrenaissance europe can be described as classical architecture. It can be recognised by its large windows divided up by straight vertical bars called mullions that go right up to the top of a fourcentered tudor arch. Below are the principle styles and forms of architecture found in adrian, michigan, built between 1840 and 1960.
Illustrated glossary of classical architecture new york. This part of a classical temple includes the architrave, frieze, and cornice. In classical architecture, the part of a building above the columns and below the roof. Bays the number of bays refers to the width of a building by counting the number of opennings including both doors and windows. This broad use of the term is employed by sir john summerson in the classical language of architecture. Apr 16, 20 here is a brief glossary of common architectural terms that you may encounter during landmarks commission hearings, community board meetings, or here on this very website. One of the five orders of classical architecture, which also include. Glossary of architectural terms historic preservation. Late 19th and early 20th century architectural style cased on the revival of traditional crafts such as carpentry, glassmaking etc and natural materials.
Click on a style or form for additional information. Doric order one of the three orders or organisational systems of ancient greek or classical architecture characterised by columns which stood on the flat pavement of a temple without a base, their vertical shafts fluted with parallel concave grooves topped by a smooth capital that flared from the column to meet a square abacus at the intersection with the horizontal beam that they carried. To help weve collected some of them together and provided an explanation for each. Also the moulded frame of a door or window often borrowing the profile of a classical architrave. All definitions are reproduced from the required course textbook. Characterised by pointed andor ogee arch openings and traceried windows.
Photo guide to building window types, architectural styles. A vertical alignment of key elements in a wall such as doors or windows which. Palladian windows, named after the 16thcentury renaissance architect andrea palladio, have a tall, central, arched window flanked on each side by shorter rectangular windows. Flying buttresses support a weight over space and allow for walls to be weakened by the inclusion of niches and windows. During the process of purchasing windows youre going to come across some terms that you may have never heard before. It is a necessary refinement to correct the optical illusion of concav it that results if the column is straight. Below is a glossary of architectural elements and terms that you may become familiar with when working with architectural realms. Walls having formed framing members usually extrusions and sizeable areas of glass, often with opaque panel areas also.
This guide groups terms according to how we generally perceive a building, from the large to the small. Illustrated glossary of architectural and decorative terms abacus. A characteristic particularly of classical architecture by which the two sides of a facade or architectural floor. It uses a range of conventional forms, the roots of which are the orders, or types of column each with its fixed proportions and ornaments especially doric, ionic and corinthian. Architectural terms used in describing heritage structures. Richardson, deriving from the romanesque and featuring rounded roman arches, heavy forms and course textures. While there are hundreds if not thousands of architectural terms, this lesson provides an overview of the most common terminology in architecture to provide a solid starting point into this. Windows may be framed by freestanding columns, balustraded sill, and pedimented entablature on top. Trachtenberg, marvin and isabell hyman, architecture, from prehistory to postmodernity.
The term can also refer to the decorative molding around a window or door. Thus we start with some of the terms that help describe a buildings basic form. Informally, however, the term cornice is used to describe all three of these moldings. Mar 10, 20 this license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content noncommercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. In classical architecture, the ornamental molding at the top of a wall, typically under the eaves, is divided into three parts. Its influence is visible in some arts and crafts and edwardian buildings, particularly in terms of decorative glazing and interiors. Features exterior or interior details of a structure such as roofs, doors, windows, flooring, and decorative elements.
A masonry mass that takes the weight and thrust of an arch, vault, or truss. The architecture created for the 1893 worlds columbian exposition in chicago is a famous example of this revival. Pier is also the term used for the solid mass between windows, doors, and. The word quoin is pronounced the same as the word coin koin or koyn, which is an old french word meaning corner or angle. Glossary of architectural terms the following is a glossary of architectural terms that may be referred to when undertaking the heritage trails or consulting the website.
A view of a building floor, looking down from above, showing its horizontal elements, such as, walls, doors, windows, cabinetry, etc. Building codes regulate egress windows by establishing a minimum size requirement that. Quoin has come to be known as the accentuation of a buildings corner with short side header bricks or stone blocks and long side stretcher bricks or stone blocks that may or may not differ from the wall masonry in size, color, or. Here is a brief glossary of common architectural terms that you may encounter during landmarks commission hearings, community board meetings, or here on this very website. One of the arts as an art form, classical architecture is an outlet of human expression, that is usually influenced by culture and which in turn helps to change culture. The purpose of the clerestory is to give light to the inner space of a large building. Glossary of architectural terms trust for architectural easements. In ancient roman architecture, a large rectangular building used as a tribunal or for. The structural panels just below display windows on. This section of the guide provides definitions for some of the more common technical terms. Architectural dictionaryof terms, movements, and architects. Formalized lintel, the lowest member of the entablature in classical architecture. Entasis the slight swelling of the vertical profile of a classical column as it tapers toward the top to counteract the illusion of concavity that accompanies straightsided columns. A bay window cantilevered out from a facade that starts above the ground level.
During the late 18th century they had the largest architectural firm in england. With its abundance of classical architecture and historic landmarks, the mediterranean island nation of malta has hosted a surprising number of major productions, including hbos came of thrones, troy and gladiator. In classical architecture, the enclosed space of a portico, peristyle, or stoa, generally behind a screen of columns. An introduction to its vocabulary and essentials, with a select glossary of terms. The decorated interior or exterior surrounds of a window or door at the head. A window lighting an attic story, and often located in a cornice. A glossary of common architectural features and terms. Note this is a work in progress, more terms will be added over time. Some of the content is legacy and may not apply to the version of windows youre running. Also external divisions of a building by fenestration windows. An introduction to its vocabulary and essentials, with a select glossary of terms curl, james stevens on. The lowest of the three main divisions of the classical entablature, varying according. Glossary of architectural terms by unknown architrave. New jersey churchscape glossary antique geek excellent furniture glossary with links to images by carlton hobbs gothic art glossary the essential vermeer glossary dutch master painting terms.
An architectural style of the 11th and 12th centuries based on the architecture of ancient rome. A victorian revival of the gothic style of architecture dating from the 12th through 16th centuries. Alteration any change affecting an existing structure externally or internally such as. The upper part of a classical order comprising architrave, frieze, and cornice. Glossary of architectural terms key terms used in listed building records adamesque following the design principles or details used by the 18th century family of classical architects, william, and robert adam. Architectural orders are the ancient styles of classical greek and roman architecture distinguished by their proportions, characteristic styles and details, most easily recognized by the type of column used. Classical architecture terms glossary translation directory. Moldings are the smallest physical units the atoms, as it were of classical architecture, and so are easier to understand at first than the larger, more complex members formed from their combination.
An almost imperceptible swelling added to the tapering of the column shaft. A mediterranean plant acanthus mollis and acanthus. It also refers to the style or styles of architecture influenced by those. The doric order was developed in greece and adopted by the romans. In this lesson, well explore some of the definitive traits of classical architecture and see what distinguishes. Dictionary of architectural terms phmc pennsylvania. This revival also sometimes incorporated the five orders of architecture which vary in terms of the. The term is also commonly used to describe a moulded surround to a.